RD pile wall - Ruukki

Dimensions

	Characteristics, steel structure					Characteristics, steel structure
RD wall	Pile					RD-wall				S355J2H	S440J2H	S550J2H
	D mm	t mm	I (cm⁴)	Wel (cm³)	EI (kNm²)	Mass kg/m/m	b* mm	Wel (cm³/m)	EI (kNm²)	M (kNm/m)	M (kNm/m)	M (kNm/m)
RD wall 400	406.4	8	19874	978	41735	198.3	470	2079	88723	738	915	1144
	406.4	10	24476	1205	51399	239.1	470	2561	109267	909	1127	1408
	406.4	12.5	30031	1478	63064	289.4	470	3142	134065	1115	1382	1728
RD wall 500	508	10	48520	1910	101893	240.4	572	3340	178134	1186	1469	1837
	508	12.5	59755	2353	125486	292.7	572	4113	219382	1460	1810	2262
	508	14.2	67199	2646	141117	328.0	572	4625	246708	1642	2035	2544
RD wall 600	610	10	84847	2782	178178	241.3	674	4127	264359	1465	1816	2270
	610	12.5	104755	3435	219985	295.1	674	5096	326387	1809	2242	2803
	610	14.2	118004	3869	247808	331.4	674	5740	367668	2038	2526	3157
	610	16	131781	4321	276741	369.5	674	6411	410595	2276	2821	3526
RD wall 700	711	10	135301	3806	284133	242.0	775	4911	366623	1743	2161	2701
	711	12.5	167343	4707	351421	296.8	775	6074	453446	2156	2673	3341
	711	14.2	188735	5309	396344	333.8	775	6850	511412	2432	3014	3768
	711	16	211040	5936	443184	372.8	775	7660	571850	2719	3370	4213
RD wall 800	813	10	203364	5003	427064	242.6	877	5704	486960	2025	2510	3137
	813	12.5	251860	6196	528907	298.1	877	7065	603086	2508	3109	3886
	813	14.2	284315	6994	597061	335.7	877	7975	680800	2831	3509	4386
	813	16	318222	7828	668266	375.3	877	8926	761990	3169	3928	4909

* b=D+64mm (interlock dimension)

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RD wall structure

The RD pile wall is a combination of Ruukki’s RD large diameter pipe piles and interlocking sections. RD piles are connected by welded interlocking sections, creating a continuous pipe pile wall against horizontal and vertical loads. The RD pile wall is installed with an oversize ring bit instead of a normal ring bit. The RD pile wall is always installed by percussion drilling methods, using a DTH hammer. The drilling method is centric.

RD pile pipes

Pile pipes used in RD pile walls are Ruukki’s drilled RD400–RD800 piles. RD drilled piles are special piles, installed by drilling in difficult ground and environmental conditions. The RD drilled piles are based on spiral welded steel pipe. The standard steel grade of RD400–RD800 piles is S355J2H, but grades S440J2H and S550J2H as well as X60 and X70 are also used. Pile pipes for the RD wall are spliced by welding.

Interlocks

Interlocks welded to RD piles are of the tailored WOM/WOF lock type. Interlocking sections are welded to the spiral welded steel pipe on an automated manufacturing line. Both sides of the pipe are welded simultaneously to ensure efficient production. Special effort has been made to minimise deformations caused by welding the interlocking sections in the steel pipe. Thanks to automated production and accurate monitoring, the end product is of very high quality.

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Properties

The steel grades of the large diameter piles are S355J2H, S440J2H, S550J2H, X60 and X70.

Chemical composition, max

Steel Grade	C (%)	Mn (%)	P (%)	S (%)	CEV (%)
S355J2H	0.22	1.60	0.030	0.030	0.39
S440J2H	0.16	1.60	0.020	0.018	0.39
S550J2H	0.12	1.90	0.020	0.015	0.43
X60	0.19	1.75¹⁾	0.030	0.030	0.43
X70	0.19	2.00¹⁾	0.030	0.030	0.43

¹⁾Content of Mn can be increased when C content is decreased.

Mechanical properties

Steel grade	fy min (MPa)	fu (MPa)	A₅ min (%)	T (°C)	KV min (J)
S355J2H	355	470-630	20	-40	27
S440J2H	440	490-630	17	-40²⁾	27
S550J2H	550	600-760	14	-20²⁾	27
X60³⁾	415	≥520	18	0	27
X70³⁾	485	≥570	19	0	27

²⁾Impact strength requirement must be agreed separately with material thicknesses over 12.5 mm.

³⁾According to API 5L.

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Design tools

Steel pipe piles are dimensioned in accordance with valid European (CEN) norms and standards and/or national regulations
and guidelines. The extensive size range and steel grade alternatives of Ruukki steel pipe piles solutions offer a good opportunity
to design an overall economical foundation.

Piles in RD pile walls may be dimensioned either as steel structures or, in the case of concrete-filled piles, as steel-concrete composite structures. Corrosion of steel piles is generally taken into account by subtracting the corrosion allowance corresponding to the design life of a structure from the wall thickness of the cross-section.

The piles may be drilled through all natural soil layers all the way into the bedrock when needed, with small deviations in position and inclination. RD drilled piles provide a reliable rock contact, which allows for effective utilisation of the pile wall’s structural load-bearing capacity.

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Order & delivery

A material certificate of the SFS-EN 10204, type 2.2, standard at minimum will be provided for the steel pipe material. Also a material certificate as defined in SFS-EN 10204 for type 3.1 is possible.

The technical terms of delivery for steel pipes manufactured by Ruukki are in accordance with the EN 10219-1 or DIN 17120 standards. The dimensions and tolerances are as defined in EN 10219-2.

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