Glossary
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Audit
A systematic and documented verification process used to determine whether the function audited confirms to set criteria.
Bending
Bending is a method of manufacture in which a ready-cut slab is bent into the required shape. Bending is a traditional flexible method of sheet metal work used to form pieces. Ruukki Metals’ bending equipment can process sheets of steel or high-strength steel up to 12 metres long.
Board of Directors
The Board of Directors, together with the President & CEO, is responsible for the management of the company. The Annual General Meeting elects the Board of Directors for a term of office lasting one year. The Board of Directors consists of the chairman and deputy chairman and between six and eight ordinary members. The Board of Directors meets at least six times a year.
Boost programme
In autumn 2008, Ruukki launched an operational excellence programme, Boost, which aims at improved operational efficiency and at ensuring the company retains its sustainable competitive edge and profitability in the future. The Boost programme aims at a permanent improvement, compared to the 2008 level, of EUR 150 million in the company's operating profit by year-end 2011.
Cabin frame
The frame structure of a vehicle cabin that can protect if the vehicle topples over (Roll Over Protection Structure) or protect the operator against falling objects such as stones (Falling Object Protection Structure).
Central Eastern Europe
Central Eastern European countries are Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia and Slovenia. Commercial and industrial construction in Central Eastern Europe and CIS countries is Ruukki Construction’s long-term focus area.
CIS countries
CIS countries are Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine. Commercial and industrial construction in CIS countries and Central Eastern Europe is Ruukki Construction’s long-term focus area.
Coated steels
See colour-coated and metal-coated steels.
Code of Conduct
Ethical principles.
Cold-rolled steels
Ruukki Metals’ range of cold-rolled sheet products includes formable and high-strength formable steels, weather-resistant steels and quenched boron steels. Ruukki specialises in easily formable materials.
Colour-coated steels
Ruukki Metals makes colour-coated steels in sheet or coil form. Products made from colour-coated steel sheets include roofs, rainwater systems and sheet metal cladding of buildings in the construction industry.
Corporate Governance
Good administrative practice.
Corporate Management Board
The company’s Corporate Management Board consists of the company’s president & CEO and other members appointed by the Board of Directors at the proposal of the president & CEO. The Corporate Management Board meets under the president & CEO and assists him in business plans and operative management.
Cut-to-length
Ruukki Metals’ cut-to-length process cuts end products to customers’ measurements for upgrading from coil material. Machine builders benefit since straightening is no longer required at a later stage. Products of up to 18 metres in length can be cut to length.
Degree of upgrading
The level to which raw material is upgraded. The degrees of upgrading iron ore, for example, include hot metal, molten steel, steel billet and end product.
Direct quenching
Direct quenching means cooling steel strip or sheets quickly with water after rolling. Accelerated cooling gives steel an extremely hard, strong microstructure. Optim QC structural steels and hard, wear-resistant Raex steels, for example, are made using Ruukki Metals’ unrivalled direct quenching method.
Divisions
Ruukki is structured into three business areas (divisions): Ruukki Construction, Ruukki Engineering and the steel business division Ruukki Metals.
EHSQ
Environment, Health, Safety and Quality.
Emissions allowance
Under the EU’s Emissions Trading Directive, one emissions allowance conveys the right to emit to the air greenhouse gases equating to one tonne of carbon dioxide over a certain period.
Emissions trading
A market-based administrative and capping approach, applying to energy production and partly to the processing industry, that has been implemented across the EU to control carbon dioxide emissions.
Environment permit
A permit required for an activity that poses a risk of contaminating the environment.
Environmental product declaration
Environmental product declarations include information about the consumption of raw materials and energy, emissions arising during production and about product recyclability.
Environmental programme
A management system that includes organisational structures, resources, planning activities, responsibilities, practices and processes to develop and implement the management of environmental aspects.
Flame shape and plasma cutting
Flame shape cutting, where the steel is melted using an oxygen gas mix and a jet of oxygen is used to cut a grove into the steel, is ideally suited to the cutting of thick plates Plasma cutting is a fusion cutting method which uses the thermal energy of hot plasma to melt a groove in the sheet being cut. The method is most effective in cutting sheets less than 30 mm.
Galvanisation
Coating a substance with zinc to prevent corrosion. Galvanisation can be done through electrolysis as hot-dip, spray or electro-galvanising. In practice, the material galvanised is usually dipped into a zinc pot.
Heat treatment
Treatment where the properties of a substance are modified by keeping it at different temperatures by cooling, tempering or heating. Annealing or hardening are examples of heat treatment methods.
High-strength steels
A type of steel with a yield strength between 210 Mpa and 550 Mpa. For example, the strength properties of cold-rolled steels combined with good formability enable the light, lasting structures that can be freely formed. High-strength steels are used in the telescopic booms and frames of mobile cranes and in the booms of materials processing equipment.
Hot-rolled steels
Ruukki Metals has a wide selection of hot-rolled steels ranging from standard products to demanding customised applications. Ruukki specialises in materials for demanding applications requiring high-strength, wear-resistance and weight savings.
Industrial Institute
Ruukki Industrial Institute provides vocational further training for plate and welding experts, example. The Institute runs training programmes leading to qualifications and part qualifications.
Infrastructure construction
Ruukki Construction’s infrastructure product range includes bridges, traffic noise barriers and guard rails, piles, retaining wall structures and foundations for harbour construction.
Inline stakeholder magazine
Inline is Ruukki’s stakeholder magazine, which is published in Finnish, Swedish, English, German, Polish and Russian. The magazine is published three times a year and is free of charge.
Insiders
According to law, Rautaruukki’s public insiders are members of the Board of Directors and the president & CEO and his deputy as well as the principal auditor. Under a decision taken by the Board of Directors, members of the Corporate Management Board and the Extended Management Board are also counted as public insiders. Rautaruukki Corporation’s public register on insiders can be viewed in the EuroClear Finland’s NetSire system.
ISO 14001
International Organization for Standardization. ISO 14001 is the international environmental management standard.
Laser cutting and welding
Laser cutting can replace traditional cutting methods such as sawing, perforation and cutting, thus saving the customer time. Laser delivers the greatest benefits when used to cut complex shapes to precision in tubes, sheets or profiles.
Life cycle
The manufacture, use, end of use and recycling of a product form the life cycle.
Machining
Ruukki offers prefabrication services, such as demanding machining, through a network of subcontractors. A machined item is ready to be assembled without the need for further stages of work. This facilitates the customer’s lead times since there are fewer stages to oversee.
Metal-coated steels
Also colour-coated steels are made in sheet and coil form. A metal coating provides protection against corrosion. Metal-coated steels are used in building exteriors, for example.
Mineral products
Mineral products used in earthworks and road construction, as a soil conditioning material and as a raw material in industry are by-products generated in the iron and steel making process.
Parts processing
Parts processing means that Ruukki Metals delivers cut-to-shape steel parts direct to the customer’s production line. This frees up the customer’s own resources for actual engineering operations.
Prefabrication services
Ruukki Metals’ prefabrication services process and cut steel to customers’ wishes. Depending on customer need, steel products and product can be cut to shape, welded, bent, machined and coated.
Quenching
Quenching means heating the steel to a high temperature and cooling it rapidly to give greater hardness and strength. See also direct quenching.
Rainscreen panel
Rainscreen panels are panels made from metal sheet and bend on four sides. They are used on the façades of buildings and available in several sizes, shapes and materials.
Rautaruukki Corporation
Rautaruukki Corporation is the official name of the company in English. Ruukki is the company’s marketing name.
Rolling
A rolling mill shapes the metal and gives a slab the required measurements and shape. The casting structure of a metal is also ground by rolling. This is usually carried out as hot rolling, but thin pieces can also be cold rolled. Rolling stretches the metal and improves its strength.
Roofing sheet
A sheet used as construction material in the roof of a building. A roof effectively directs rain and snow off of a building and withstands stress. The commonest building material is steel sheet.
Ruukki
Ruukki is Rautaruukki Corporation’s marketing name, which it has used since 2004.
Ruukki Construction
Ruukki Construction supplies efficient, time-saving steel construction solutions for commercial and industrial construction, as well as for infrastructure foundation and transport infrastructure projects.
Ruukki Engineering
Ruukki Engineering supplies metal-based solutions to the lifting, handling and transportation equipment industry, energy industry, marine & offshore industry and paper & wood industry.
Ruukki Metals
Ruukki Metals supplies steel products to customers in the form they require, either prefabricated or as parts, from mills or stocks. The division also provides associated prefabrication, logistics and storage services and is responsible for Rautaruukki’s steel production and steel service centres.
Sandwich panel
A sandwich panel is a prefabricated element consisting of a layer of insulation material between two steel sheets. The panels are ready to install and used especially in commercial and industrial construction.
Sheet
The name for thin sheets of steel. Sheets are normally under 3 mm thick.
Solutions
Ruukki’s solutions are parts, components and system deliveries that Ruukki Construction and Ruukki Engineering provide to selected customer segments.
Solutions business
The solutions businesses are the operations of Ruukki Construction and Ruukki Engineering divisions. Structural transformation aims for the solutions businesses to account for more than 50 per cent of the company’s net sales. The structure chosen protects the company from sharp fluctuations in the price of steel and customised products enhance the company’s competitive edge. See Solutions.
Solutions provider
Rautaruukki aims to be the most desired solutions provider for construction customers and equipment manufacturers in the lifting, handling and transportation industry. See Solutions business.
Special steel products
Special steel products consist of high-strength, wear-resistant or coated steels and associated services. The lifting, handling and transportation equipment industry, for example, uses high-strength steels to make machinery lighter and increase the payload.
Sponsorship
Ruukki proactively seeks sponsorship efforts related to the company’s business (e.g. design, energy, architecture). To a certain extent, Ruukki also sponsors activities in municipalities where it has major sites. The aim is for long-term partnership that benefits both parties in many ways.
Stainless steel
A steel alloy that withstands corrosion.
Steel
A iron alloy with a carbon content of less than 2.11%. The alloy usually contains silicon, manganese, phosphor, sulphur and other elements. Divided into subcategories based on carbon content, application or alloy, etc.
Steel service centre
Ruukki has steel service centres in Finland, Sweden, Poland and Russia. These centres provide a wide range of prefabrication services and upgrading processes for Ruukki’s products to customer wishes by, for example, making components from metal parts for use in prefabricated machines and equipment.
Strength
The ability to withstand stress and loading. The size of fracture caused by mechanical tension. (N/m^2). Eg. tensile strength, crush resistance and impact strength.
Suction anchor
Anchor solution used to fix a floating platform to the sea bed.
Surface treatment
Treating the surface of a product to improve its appearance, durability and viability.
Total delivery
Ruukki’s total deliveries include all stages of a product, from design to installation, to be delivered to the customer. In construciton projects, for example, Ruukki Construction can be responsible for frame, wall and roof structure design, manufacture and installation. For customers, a high degree of product prefabrication and accurate deliveries translate into cost savings and faster construction.
Transportation services
Ruukki’s services include transportation and logistics services. Ruukki specialises in the transportation of steel products and other transportation services, such as first class harbour services and the transportation of raw, materials, required by other industries.
Upgrading
The processing of a finished product by giving it added value.
Wear-resistant steel
Wear-resistant steel is the name given to steels of extremely wear-resistant material, which is safe, high-strength and cutting-edge without increasing weight. Wear-resistant steel is used for example in mining and excavation machinery.